This research challenges the misconception that hookah smoking is safe. By studying flavors, sugars, and toxicants, it reveals high levels of carcinogens and nicotine, especially harmful to children exposed secondhand. The work combines chemical analysis and community engagement to inform policy, shift behaviors, and protect vulnerable populations.

This research uses agent-based modelling (ABM) to simulate infectious disease spread in regions like Nigeria, enabling policymakers to predict outbreaks, test interventions, and allocate limited resources proactively. The low-cost modelling approach supports governments with constrained budgets and offers a sustainable, data-driven tool for preventing large-scale infections and improving global public health.