This study analyzed long-term changes in forest composition in the Spanish Iberian Range using National Forest Inventory data and Landsat imagery. Results show a significant shift from monospecific to mixed forests, with mixed stands nearly doubling over three decades. Satellite-derived vegetation indices successfully detected these temporal dynamics.

This study evaluated multispectral and hyperspectral vegetation indices to estimate wildfire severity in the 2022 Sierra de la Culebra fire. Field Composite Burn Index data were correlated with satellite-derived indices. Results showed hyperspectral imagery provided more accurate severity estimates, particularly using Cellulose Absorption Index and Red Edge indices.