This study analyzed plant community succession in Mediterranean ecosystems affected by climate stress and wildfires. Results show that early stages are dominated by abiotic filters, while biotic interactions grow over time. Biodiversity increases with succession, but frequent disturbances limit recovery, shaping long-term functional and phylogenetic community structure.

This research examines Rotterdam’s urban tree planting practices and their impact on air quality and drought resilience. Findings show that current reliance on single-species tree lines reduces resilience, while greater species and functional diversity improves pollutant removal and climate adaptability. The study recommends transitioning to mixed-species, biodiversity-focused urban forestry strategies.