This study reviews mangroves of the Americas and their vulnerability to climate change. Mangroves are vital carbon sinks, biodiversity hotspots, and coastal protectors, but face threats from deforestation, pollution, and urban expansion. Effective conservation requires ecosystem-based restoration, improved management, and reduced human pressures to ensure long-term resilience.

Climate change is forcing marine species to migrate across hostile coastal environments. Using environmental DNA from seawater, this research demonstrates a powerful new way to detect and monitor biodiversity, revealing hundreds of species per sample. eDNA offers a scalable, sensitive tool for tracking ecosystem change and guiding conservation in rapidly changing marine environments.