This study investigates how streams retain “memory” of nitrogen pollution from past land use. Using long-term data, it identifies a 3–5 year lag between nitrogen inputs and water quality impacts. It highlights the role of forests as natural filters and emphasizes managing both current and historical pollution to protect water supplies.

This research investigates how nitrogen pollution influences the reproduction and northward migration of black mangroves under climate change. Increased nitrogen boosts reproduction, potentially accelerating coastal expansion. As mangroves protect shorelines from erosion and storms, understanding these dynamics is crucial for environmental management and climate adaptation strategies.