Maternal undernutrition in rural Ethiopia remains highly prevalent at 38 percent. This thesis identifies key drivers including gender inequality, poor nutritional counseling, and cultural food taboos. Using human-centered design, a “couples forum” intervention was developed and validated, showing strong feasibility and cultural acceptability as a promising community-based solution.

Acetaminophen is widely used in pregnancy despite limited evidence about its risks. This research examines whether acetaminophen affects birth timing and weight, who uses it and why, and how clinicians make recommendations. By mapping lived experiences, medical guidance, and outcomes, the project aims to clarify risks and support informed decision-making for families.