This research develops photonic integrated circuits that compute using light instead of electrons. By creating integrated all-optical transistors and photonic neural networks, the work advances ultra-fast optical computing systems capable of dramatically outperforming conventional electronic processors in speed, efficiency, and future artificial intelligence applications.

This research shows that pauses in information streams alter decision-making. After a break, the brain increases effort, giving greater weight to subsequent information—a “peak-after-break” effect. A computational model explains this as a performance-effort tradeoff. Findings challenge traditional theories and suggest strategic pauses can shape attention, memory, and judgment.