Pakistan is highly vulnerable to climate change due to low forest cover, rising temperatures, glacier melting, floods, droughts, and agricultural decline. With only 4.2 million hectares of forest, impacts are severe. Government initiatives like the 10 Billion Tree Tsunami and mangrove restoration aim to improve resilience and environmental sustainability.

This research uses molecular simulations to study how ions and water move through nanopores, revealing counterintuitive effects of pore length and ion–water coupling. Understanding these nanoscale transport mechanisms helps improve desalination membrane design and provides insight into highly efficient biological channels such as aquaporins.